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Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) – All you need to know

Introduction

Novel Corona Virus Disease commonly known as COVID-19 is a contagious disease caused by the virus “Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)”. The name of this virus is chosen because it is genetically related to another old corona virus Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Virus (SARS) which was responsible for the SARS outbreak of 2003.

It emerged from bat-borne virus. Pangolin (an animal reservoir) is also thought to be involved in its introduction to humans. SARS-CoV-2 is the seventh corona virus known to infect humans.

 

Origin and Transmission of the Virus

This virus was first originated in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China  .  The first case of infection is currently known is thought to have been found on November 17, 2019. After that it spread throughout china and more than 150 countries from all the continents except Antarctica.

Human-to-human transmission of the virus has been confirmed in all these regions. On 11 March  2020 ,  the World Health Organization (WHO) declared it a pandemic.

As of 26 March, 2020 there were total 471,400 COVID-19 positive cases recorded in the whole world from which 114,642 were fully recovered and 21,295 people have lost their life due to this pandemic. China, Italy and Iran are the most afflicted countries till date.

How the world is fighting with pandemic?

Most of the world governments have enforced lockdown in their respective countries to bear down this pandemic. As of now the one third of the global population is under lockdown. Most of the international borders are closed and only essential services are allowed to continue. As of 25 March, 2020 India is also on 21 days lockdown  as Prime Minister Mr. Narendra Modi addressed the nation on 24 March-

“If we are not able to manage the upcoming 21 days, we will be pushed back 21 years. From midnight in the entire country, there will be a complete lockdown in the whole country. This is to save the country and to save you. This is absolute necessary to save lives.”

Central and State governments are urging it’s citizen to stay at home and isolate themselves from any kind of gathering and they are trying to provide essential supplies to all.

 

Is there any Medicine or Vaccine available for this disease?

To the date there is no specific medicine or vaccine recommended to prevent or treat the new SARS-CoV-2 Virus. However, those infected with the virus should receive appropriate care to relieve and treat symptoms, and those with severe illness should receive optimized supportive care.

Some specific treatments are under investigation, and will be tested through clinical trials.

WHO is helping to accelerate research and development efforts with range of  partners.

 

Symptoms Of The Disease (COVID-19)

Here’s how symptoms progress among typical patients:

 

Day 1: Patients run a fever. They may also experience fatigue, muscle pain and a dry cough. A small minority of them may have had diarrhea or nausea one to two days before.

 

Day 5: Patients may have difficulty breathing- especially if they are older or have preexisting health condition.

 

Day 7:  This is how long it takes, on average, before patients are admitted to a hospital, according to the Wuhan University study.

Day 8: At this point, patients with severe cases (15%, according to the Chinese CDC) develop acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), an illness that occurs when fluid builds up the lung , ARDS is often fatal.

Day 10: If patients have worsening symptoms , this is the time in the disease’s progression when they’re most likely to be admitted to the ICU. These patients probably have more abdominal pain and appetite loss than patients with milder cases. Only a small fraction die: The current fatality rate hovers around 2%.

Day 17: On average, people who recover from the virus are discharged from the hospital after two and a half weeks.

How can we prevent or control the disease?

First of all we should follow complete instruction from the government and quarantine ourselves in our houses. We should also follow guidelines of WHO to prevent the expansion of the virus. We should wash our hands with soaps for at least 20 seconds. We should also motivate our neighbours to follow these instructions. If you feel any symptoms of the disease , contact to medical emergency number provided by government.

 

 

Sources Of Information:

https://en.wikipedia.org/

https://www.businessinsider.in/

https://www.who.int/